![]() Palpate the periauricular, occipital, and deep cervical lymph nodes.Palpate bilaterally with one hand on each side. Instruct the patient to keep the neck relaxed and slightly flexed.Evaluation of size and level of pain consistency, and fixation.The area to be examined should be relaxed to facilitate differentiation of the lymph node from the surrounding tissue (e.g., muscles, tendons).Visible enlargement: Lymph nodes should not be visible in healthy individuals, as they are only a few millimeters in diameter.General: assess for both local inflammatory processes (e.g., enlarged neck lymph nodes due to tonsillitis) and signs of systemic disease (e.g., hepatomegaly and splenomegaly).Signs of inflammation in the lymph node drainage area.Acute fever, skin changes (common in viral infections).Pain or tenderness: suggests benign inflammatory process.Other: Kawasaki disease, histiocytosis X, sarcoidosis, Castleman disease.Antihypertensives (e.g., hydralazine, captopril).Antibiotics (e.g., penicillins, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole).Leukemias (e.g., acute lymphoblastic leukemia).Protozoal: toxoplasmosis, malaria, visceral leishmaniosis.Helminthic: schistosomiasis, lymphatic filariasis.Fungal: aspergillosis, candidiasis, cryptococcus.Staphylococcal/ streptococcal skin infections.COVID-19 vaccination-related lymphadenopathy: What to be aware of. ![]() Profiles of axillary lymphadenopathy without breast lesions: An analysis of 62 patients who underwent axillary lymph nodes biopsies. Unilateral axillary adenopathy in the setting of COVID-19 vaccine. Bilateral axillary lymphadenopathy: Differential diagnosis and management. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy. Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. other surgeries related to the specific cancer, such as lumpectomy for breast cancer.This cancer specialist will stage the cancer and then determine the most appropriate treatment for your condition, such as: If your condition is deemed cancerous, your doctor will refer you to an oncologist. However, prompt diagnosis and treatment is crucial in preventing the further spread of cancer to other lymph nodes, as well as vital organs. Malignant causes of axillary lymphadenopathy aren’t as common. ![]() This may help to reduce the size of lymph nodes as well as pain and tenderness. However, if your condition is caused by an infection, or an autoimmune or inflammatory disease, your doctor may prescribe steroid treatment. Benign cases that don’t cause any other symptoms may be treated with a watchful approach only. Treating axillary lymphadenopathy depends on the underlying cause.
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